Present Indefinite Tense
Learners! I always feel when we don’t know how to translate the sentence in other language like Hindi then it is so difficult to find it’s answer. I am thinking that I should tell you how to translate the English sentence to Hindi, so we will start it with simple present tense. In this article you will learn the translations from English to Hindi.
PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE /SAMANYA VARTMAAN KAAL
सामान्य वर्तमान काल
The present Indefinite tense, known as simple present tense, indicate an action in the present, an action taking place now. e.g. I play, You run, It runs, They eat, She sings etc.
Subject |
Verb |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Present tense |
Main/ मैं |
kha/खा |
ta/ता |
tee/ती |
hoon/ हूँ |
Tum/ तुम |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
tee/ती |
ho/ हो |
Yeh,veh/ यह, वह |
kha/खा |
ta/ता |
tee/ती |
hai/ है |
Hum,aap/ हम, आप |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
hain/ हैं |
|
ye,ve/ ये, वे |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
hain/ हैं |
Note:-
1. All masculine plural have same suffix te / ते added to the verb root.
2. All feminine subjects take the same suffix tee/ ती added to the verb root.
3. All plural, both masculine and feminine, have the same present tense indicator hain/ हैं.
4. The negative nahin/ नहीं will come before verb.
5. If the subject is feminine plural and if nahin/ नहीं is used, then the verb takes a dot above e.g. Girls do not play- ladkiyaan nahin khelti hain/ लड़कियां नहीं खेलती हैं।
6. Women mostly use hum/ हम instead of main/ मैं for singular in India. When they use hum/ हम they end the sentence with masculine plural verb instead of feminine verb. Thus, instead of saying main khhati hoon/ मैं खाती हूँ, a modern woman will say hum khaatey hain/ हम खाते हैं. For plual also they say hum khaate hain/ हम खाते हैं।
.According to English grammar, sentence is the combination of
Subject + verb / Action + object
Lets take an example-
I drink the milk.
I (subject) + drink (verb /action) + milk (object)
This is the universal pattern of English grammar.
Now there is a little bit difference in Hindi.
Subject + object + verb/action
I + milk + drink
Main doodh peeta hoon.
Other examples:
1. When does the baby sleep?
Bachha kab sota hai? बच्चा कब सोता है?
2. We purchase the fruits from the market.
Hum jaj baajar se fal khareedte hai हम रोज बाजार से फ़ल खरीदते हैं।
3 They speak the truth always.
Ve hamesha sach bolte hai. वे हमेशा सच बोलते हैं।
4 The sun rises from the east.
Suraj poorva disha se nikalta hai. सूरज पूर्व दिशा से निकलता है।
5 Whom do you write the letter?
Tum kisko patra likhte ho? तुम किसको पत्र लिखते हो?
Vocabulary / शब्दकोष
to sleep – sona/सोना, to purchase – khareedna/ख़रीदना, to speak- bolna/बोलना, to rise – nikalna/ugna/निकलना/उगना, to write / likhna / लिखना
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