Simple present
Use Of ‘Be’ Verb In Present Tense
USE OF ‘BE’ VERB IN PRESENT TENSE (वर्तमानकाल में ‘होना’ क्रिया का प्रयोग)
Singular (एकवचन)
I am Main hoon/ मैं हूँ
You are Tum ho/ तुम हो
He/She/It is Veh/yeh hai/ वह /यह है
Plural (बहुवचन)
We are Hum hain/ हम हैं
You are Aap hain/ आप हैं
These/Those/They are Ye/vo/ve hain/ ये/वो/वे हैं
- All plural have same ending with hain/ हैं.
- To show negative, use nahin/ नहीं. It comes before verb
- Though main/ मैं means I, while talking, a person may use hum/ हम. Particularly writers and people in power tend to use Hum/ हम instead of main / मैं.
- Though aap/ye/ve/ आप/ये/वे are used for plural, however, if they are used to point out to a respectable person, can be used as for singular also.
- Yeh/veh/ यह/वह are can be used as ye/ve/ ये/वे.
Translation of sentences
I am Mohan.
Main Mohan hoon./ मैं मोहन हूँ।
You are Deepa.
Tum Deepa ho./ तुम दीपा हो।
This is an apple.
Yeh ek seb hai./ यह एक सेब है।
Who are you?
Tum kaun ho?/ तुम कौन हो?
Are you Ravi?
Kya tum Ravi ho?/ क्या तुम रवि हो?
We are Indians.
Hum bhartiye hain./ हम भारतीय हैं।
They are Sunita,Monika and Ruchi.
Ve Sunita, Monika aur Ruchi hain./ वे सुनीता, मोनिका और रुची हैं।
That is a table.
Veh ek mej hai./ वह एक मेज है।
How are you all?
Aap sab kaise hain./ आप सब कैसे हैं?
You are a student.
Tum ek chaatra ho./ तुम एक छात्र हो।
Present Indefinite Tense
Learners! I always feel when we don’t know how to translate the sentence in other language like Hindi then it is so difficult to find it’s answer. I am thinking that I should tell you how to translate the English sentence to Hindi, so we will start it with simple present tense. In this article you will learn the translations from English to Hindi.
PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE /SAMANYA VARTMAAN KAAL
सामान्य वर्तमान काल
The present Indefinite tense, known as simple present tense, indicate an action in the present, an action taking place now. e.g. I play, You run, It runs, They eat, She sings etc.
Subject |
Verb |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Present tense |
Main/ मैं |
kha/खा |
ta/ता |
tee/ती |
hoon/ हूँ |
Tum/ तुम |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
tee/ती |
ho/ हो |
Yeh,veh/ यह, वह |
kha/खा |
ta/ता |
tee/ती |
hai/ है |
Hum,aap/ हम, आप |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
hain/ हैं |
|
ye,ve/ ये, वे |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
hain/ हैं |
Note:-
1. All masculine plural have same suffix te / ते added to the verb root.
2. All feminine subjects take the same suffix tee/ ती added to the verb root.
3. All plural, both masculine and feminine, have the same present tense indicator hain/ हैं.
4. The negative nahin/ नहीं will come before verb.
5. If the subject is feminine plural and if nahin/ नहीं is used, then the verb takes a dot above e.g. Girls do not play- ladkiyaan nahin khelti hain/ लड़कियां नहीं खेलती हैं।
6. Women mostly use hum/ हम instead of main/ मैं for singular in India. When they use hum/ हम they end the sentence with masculine plural verb instead of feminine verb. Thus, instead of saying main khhati hoon/ मैं खाती हूँ, a modern woman will say hum khaatey hain/ हम खाते हैं. For plual also they say hum khaate hain/ हम खाते हैं।
.According to English grammar, sentence is the combination of
Subject + verb / Action + object
Lets take an example-
I drink the milk.
I (subject) + drink (verb /action) + milk (object)
This is the universal pattern of English grammar.
Now there is a little bit difference in Hindi.
Subject + object + verb/action
I + milk + drink
Main doodh peeta hoon.
Other examples:
1. When does the baby sleep?
Bachha kab sota hai? बच्चा कब सोता है?
2. We purchase the fruits from the market.
Hum jaj baajar se fal khareedte hai हम रोज बाजार से फ़ल खरीदते हैं।
3 They speak the truth always.
Ve hamesha sach bolte hai. वे हमेशा सच बोलते हैं।
4 The sun rises from the east.
Suraj poorva disha se nikalta hai. सूरज पूर्व दिशा से निकलता है।
5 Whom do you write the letter?
Tum kisko patra likhte ho? तुम किसको पत्र लिखते हो?
Vocabulary / शब्दकोष
to sleep – sona/सोना, to purchase – khareedna/ख़रीदना, to speak- bolna/बोलना, to rise – nikalna/ugna/निकलना/उगना, to write / likhna / लिखना
If you like this article please post your comments in the comment section.
Example #4 (How to ask about a dinner date?)
Hi, learners! Today’s conversation is based on regarding asking a dinner date. I know you have read all my previous article and my last article was based on Time(samay) समय. So I have created this conversation because after reading this it will be a revision for asking the time in Hindi.
Example #4 (How to ask about a dinner date?)
Deepak: Hi, Monika!
Namaste, Monika. नमस्ते मोनिका।
Monika: Hi.
Namaste. नमस्ते।
Deepak: What are you planning to do today?
Aaj aap kya karne ki yojna bana rahi hai? आज आप क्या करने कि योजना बना रही हो?
Monika: I haven’t thought about it now.
Maine abhi is baarein main sochan nahin hai. मैंने अभी इस बारें मैं सोचा नहीं है।
Deepak: Would you like to have dinner with me?
Kya aap mere saath raat ka bhojan karna chahengi? क्या आप मेरे साथ रात का भोजन करना चाहेंगी?
Monika: Why not. When?
Kyon nahi. Kab? क्यों नहीं, कब?
Deepak: Is 8:30 PM. OK?
Kya raat ke 8:30 baje sahi rahenge? क्या रात के साढ़े आठ बजे सही रहेंगे?
Monika: Oh, I am busy then. Can we meet a little later?
Oh, Tab to main vyast hoon, kya hum thodi der baad mil sakte hai?
ओह! तब तो मैं व्यस्त हूँ, क्या हम थोड़ी देर बाद मिल सकते हैं?
Deepak: Ok, Then how about 9:30 PM.
Theek hai, raat ke 9:30 baje kaisa rahega. ठीक है, रात के साढ़े नौ बजे कैसे रहेंगे?
Monika: Ok, Where?
Theek hai, Kahan? ठीक है, कहाँ?
Deepak: How about Hotel Taj?
Hotel Taj kaisa rahega? होटल ताज़ कैसा रहेगा?
Monika: Nice choice.
Achhi pasand hai. अच्छी पसंद है
Deepak: Ok, I’ll meet you there?
Theek hai, main aapse wahan milunga. ठीक है मैं आपसे वहाँ मिलूँगा।
Ok, learners! I assure, if you will converse daily on different Hindi topics like above then it will be really beneficial for you and you will see the tremendous changes in your conversation skills.
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