Hindi
Present Perfect Tense
Hi, learners! After a long time I am writing this article. Today you are going to learn use of Present Perfect Tense in Hindi language. I hope you will learn something new.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
AASANN BHOOT KAAL / आसन्न भूत काल
The present perfect tense is a tense of the past. It represents a completed act, the effect of which is still present. It brings a past act into relation with the present. In other words, it denotes an action concluded recently e.g. I have drunk the water/maine paani piya hai / मैंने पानी पिया है or main paani pee chukka/chuki hoon/ मैं पानी पी चुका/चुकी हूँ। ‘Drunk’/पिया/पी चुका/चुकी shows that the action was over in the past. ‘Have’ indicates that it is recent past. So we have to use both past tense and present tense symbols.
1. For more information please see past indefinite tense.
2. Add present tense symbols hoon/ho/hai/hain according to subject.
3. Add hai/है or hain/हैं according to the number of the object.
4. Ne/ने will be added to subject.
5. It shows eaten/drunk/gone/slept/khaya/peeya/gaya/soya/chukka/chuki/chukey/खाया/पीय/गया/चुकी/चुके in the end.
Examples/उदाहरण:
1. Ravi has come here.
Ravi yahan aaya hai/ Ravi yahan aa chukka hai./ रवि यहाँ आया है/ रवि यहाँ आ चुका है।
Aaya/aa chukka /आया/ आ चुका is past tense and hai/है is present tense. Hence it is
present perfect tense. We use hai/है because it stands for 3rd person.
2. Ritu has written an essay.
Ritu ne ek patr likha hai./ रितु ने एक पत्र लिखा है।
3. I have gone there.
Main wahan ja chukka hoon./ मैं वहाँ जा चुका हूँ।
4. He has beaten his younger brother.
Usne apne chote bhai ko peeta hai./उसने अपने छोटे भाई को पीटा है।
5. Mother has prepared Maggie for us.
Mata ji ne humare liye Maggie banayee thee./माता जी ने हमारे लिए मैगी बनायी है।
Vocabulary/शब्दकोष:
To come-aana/आना, to write- likhna/लिखना, to go-jana/जाना, to beat-peetna/पीटना, to prepare- banana/taeyyar karna/बनाना/तैयार करना
Thank you/dhanyavaad/धन्यवाद!
Keep practicing/phir milenge/फिर मिलेंगे!
Past Continuous Tense
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
APOORNA BHOOT KAAL/अपूर्ण भूत काल
The past continuous tense indicates an action that was going on in the past at a particular time. The completion of that action, however, is not known for sure.
Sentences in past continuous tense are formed by adding raha/rahe/rahi/रहा/रहे/रही to the the verb ( as present continuous tense) according to the gender and number of the subject and then by adding the appropriate past tense indicator tha/they/thee/था/थे/थी.
Examples/udaharan/उदाहरण:
1. I was eating the food.
Main khana kha raha tha. / मैं खाना खा रहा था।
2. You were shopping in the shopping mall.
Tum shopping mall main kharidaari kar rahe they./ तुम शॉपिंग मॉल में ख़रीदारी कर रहे थे।
3. Why Rohan was laughing at that time?
Rohan tab kyon hans raha tha? / रोहन तब क्यों हँस रहा था?
4. Cool breeze was blowing slowly.
Thandi hawa dheere dheere chal rahi thee. / ठंडी हवा धीरे धीरे चल रही थी।
5. Sheela was watching a football match yesterday.
Sheela kal football match dekh rahi the. / शीला कल फुटबॉल मैच देख रही थी।
Vocabulary / शब्दकोश
to eat- khana/खाना , to shop-kharidaari karna/ख़रीदारी करना, to laugh- hansna/हँसना, to blow- chalna/behna/चलना/बहना, to watch-dekhna/देखना
Keep practicing!!
Will meet again /Phir milenge / फिर मिलेंगे!!
No. 1 Bollywood song of 2013
Tum hi ho (तुम ही हो)
Hum tere bin ab reh nahi sakte / हम तेरे बिन अब रह नही सकते
Tere bina kya wajood mera / तेरे बिना क्या वजूद मेरा
Hum tere bin ab reh nahi sakte / हम तेरे बिन अब रह नही सकते
Tere bina kya wajood mera / तेरे बिना क्या वजूद मेरा
Tujhse juda gar ho jaayenge / तुझसे जुदा गर हो जाएँगे
Toh khud se hi ho jaayenge judaa / तो खुद से ही हो जाएँगे जुदा
Kyunki tum hi ho / क्यूंकि तुम ही हो
Ab tum hi ho / अब तुम ही हो
Zindagi ab tum hi ho / ज़िंदगी अब तुम ही हो
Chain bhi, mera dard bhi / चैन भी, मेरा दर्द भी
Meri aashiqui ab tum hi ho / मेरी आशिकी अब तुम ही हो
Tera mera rishta hai kaisa / तेरा मेरा रिश्ता है कैसा
Ik pal door gawara nahi / इक पल दूर गवारा नही
Tere liye har roz hai jeete / तेरे लिए हर रोज़ है जीते
Tujh ko diya mera waqt sabhi / तुझ को दिया मेरा वक़्त सभी
Koi lamha mera na ho tere bina / कोई लम्हा मेरा न हो तेरे बिना
Har saans pe naam tera / हर सांस पे नाम तेरा
Kyunki tum hi ho / क्यूंकि तुम ही हो
Ab tum hi ho / अब तुम ही हो
Zindagi ab tum hi ho / ज़िंदगी अब तुम ही हो
Chain bhi, mera dard bhi / चैन भी, मेरा दर्द भी
Meri aashiqui ab tum hi ho / मेरी आशिकी अब तुम ही हो
Tumhi ho… Tumhi ho… / तुम ही हो….. तुम ही हो…
Tere liye hi jiya main / तेरे लिए ही जिया मैं
Khud ko jo yun de diya hai / खुद को जो यूं दे दिया है
Teri wafa ne mujhko sambhala / तेरी वफा ने मुझको संभाला
Saare ghamon ko dil se nikala / सारे ग़मों को दिल से निकाला
Tere saath mera hai naseeb juda/ तेरे साथ मेरा है नसीब जुड़ा
Tujhe paake adhoora naa raha hmm.. /तुझे पाके अधूरा ना रहा हम्म…
Kyunki tum hi ho / क्यूंकि तुम ही हो
Ab tum hi ho / अब तुम ही हो
Zindagi ab tum hi ho / ज़िंदगी अब तुम ही हो
Chain bhi, mera dard bhi / चैन भी, मेरा दर्द भी
Meri aashiqui ab tum hi ho / मेरी आशिकी अब तुम ही हो
Kyunki tum hi ho / क्यूंकि तुम ही हो
Ab tum hi ho / अब तुम ही हो
Zindagi ab tum hi ho / ज़िंदगी अब तुम ही हो
Chain bhi, mera dard bhi / चैन भी, मेरा दर्द भी
Meri aashiqui ab tum hi ho / मेरी आशिकी अब तुम ही हो
It is a great song from Aashiqui 2. It’s been the no.1 song of this year. Starring stunning Shraddha Kapoor and handsome Aditya Roy Kapoor. This movie produced by T-Series Films & Vishesh Films. The music of this song is composed and written by Mithoon and sung by Arijit Singh.
Enjoy the music of this song because I love it too.
Months And Seasons Names
Hi learners! As days names are important as months names in Hindi language also important. It shows it’s extensiveness because when we talk with somebody regarding months names, it’s knowledge is very essential. There are two types of calender in India which we use . One is English calender and other one is Hindu calender. Generally people use English calender in daily purpose in India but Hindi calender has different names. so I have gathered information for you guys.
Months names according to English calender
जनवरी
Janvary
January
फरवरी
Farvary
February
मार्च
March
March
अप्रैल
April
April
मई
May
May
जून
June
June
जुलाई
July
July
अगस्त
August
August
सितम्बर
Sitambar
September
अक्तूबर
October
Octubar
नवम्बर
Navambar
November
दिसम्बर
December
December
Months names according to Hindu calender
- Chaitra (चैत्र, चैत)
- Vaishākh (वैशाख, बैसाख)
- Jyaishtha (ज्येष्ठ, जेठ)
- Āshādha (आषाढ, आषाढ़)
- Shrāvana (श्रावण, सावन)
- Bhaadra or, Bhādrapad (भाद्रपद, भादो)
- Āshwin (आश्विन)
- Kārtik (कार्तिक)
- Agrahayana or, Mārgashīrsha (मार्गशीर्ष, अगहन)
- Paush (पौष)
- Māgh (माघ)
- Phālgun(फाल्गुन)
Indian is a country of various seasons. There are four seasons in a year like spring, summer, autumn and winter. here I am going to show you the list of seasons wise months
|
Spring/basant/बसंत |
March |
April |
May |
|
Summer/garmi/गर्मी |
June |
July |
August |
|
Autumn/patjhad/पतझड़ |
September |
October |
November |
|
Winter/sardi/सर्दी |
December |
January |
February |
Keep practicing!!
Will meet again/Phir milenge/फिर मिलेंगे।
Present Continuous Tense/Tatkalic Vartmaan Kaal
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE/TATKALIC VARTMAAN KAAL
तात्कालिक वर्तमान काल
When a wok has started and is continuing at present eg. I am going. The process is indicating by using raha/rahe/rahi/रहा/रहे/रही between verb (e.g. aa/आ) and the appropriate tense indicator hoon/ho/hai/hain/हूँ/हो/है/हैं.
- Raha/रहा is used if the subject is masculine singular.
- Rahe/रहे is used if the subject is masculine plural or a respected male.
- Rahi/रही is used if the subject is feminine.
- To donate negative, nahin/नहीं is put before verb.
| Subject | Verb/action | Masculine + ing | Feminine + ing | Present tense |
| Main/मैं | Jaa/जा | raha/रहा | rahi/रही | hoon/हूँ |
| Tum/तुम | jaa/जा | rahe/रहे | rahi/रही | ho/हो |
| Yeh/यह | jaa/जा | raha/रहा | rahi/रही | hai/है |
| Veh/वह | jaa/जा | raha/रहा | rahi/रही | Hai/है |
| Hum/हम | jaa/जा | rahe/रहे | hain/हैं | |
| Aap/आप | jaa/जा | rahe/रहे | rahi/रही | hain/हैं |
| Ye/ये | jaa/जा | rahe/रहे | rahi/रही | hain/हैं |
| Ve/वे | jaa/जा | rahe/रहे | rahi/रही | hain/हैं |
- All masculine plurals have same ending with rahe hain/रही हैं.
- All feminine subjects end with rahi hai/hain/है/हैं .
- All feminine plurals have same ending with hain/हैं.
Translation of sentences :
1. I am going to delhi today.
Main aaj dilli ja raha hoon./मैं आज दिल्ली जा रहा हूँ।
2. What are you eating?
Tum kya kha rahe ho?/तुम क्या खा रहे हो?
3. Why is that boy crying?
Veh baccha kyon ro raha hai?/वह बच्चा क्यो रो रहा है?
4. I am watching TV.
Main tv dekh rahi hoon./मैं टीवी देख रही हूँ।
5. Shivani is eating the food.
Shivani khana kha rahi hai./शिवानी खाना खा रही है।
6. You are not listening to my talk.
Aap meri baatein nahin sun rahi ho./आप मेरी बातें नहीं सुन रही हो।
7. Those devotees are bathing is Ganga.
Ve bhakt ganga main naha rahe hain./वे भक्त गंगा में नहा रहे हैं।
Vocabulary
To go- jana/जाना , to eat – khana/खाना , to cry – rona/रोना, to watch- dekhna/देखना, to listen- sunna/सुनना, to bath- nahana/नहाना .
Use Of ‘Be’ Verb In Present Tense
USE OF ‘BE’ VERB IN PRESENT TENSE (वर्तमानकाल में ‘होना’ क्रिया का प्रयोग)
Singular (एकवचन)
I am Main hoon/ मैं हूँ
You are Tum ho/ तुम हो
He/She/It is Veh/yeh hai/ वह /यह है
Plural (बहुवचन)
We are Hum hain/ हम हैं
You are Aap hain/ आप हैं
These/Those/They are Ye/vo/ve hain/ ये/वो/वे हैं
- All plural have same ending with hain/ हैं.
- To show negative, use nahin/ नहीं. It comes before verb
- Though main/ मैं means I, while talking, a person may use hum/ हम. Particularly writers and people in power tend to use Hum/ हम instead of main / मैं.
- Though aap/ye/ve/ आप/ये/वे are used for plural, however, if they are used to point out to a respectable person, can be used as for singular also.
- Yeh/veh/ यह/वह are can be used as ye/ve/ ये/वे.
Translation of sentences
I am Mohan.
Main Mohan hoon./ मैं मोहन हूँ।
You are Deepa.
Tum Deepa ho./ तुम दीपा हो।
This is an apple.
Yeh ek seb hai./ यह एक सेब है।
Who are you?
Tum kaun ho?/ तुम कौन हो?
Are you Ravi?
Kya tum Ravi ho?/ क्या तुम रवि हो?
We are Indians.
Hum bhartiye hain./ हम भारतीय हैं।
They are Sunita,Monika and Ruchi.
Ve Sunita, Monika aur Ruchi hain./ वे सुनीता, मोनिका और रुची हैं।
That is a table.
Veh ek mej hai./ वह एक मेज है।
How are you all?
Aap sab kaise hain./ आप सब कैसे हैं?
You are a student.
Tum ek chaatra ho./ तुम एक छात्र हो।
Present Indefinite Tense
Learners! I always feel when we don’t know how to translate the sentence in other language like Hindi then it is so difficult to find it’s answer. I am thinking that I should tell you how to translate the English sentence to Hindi, so we will start it with simple present tense. In this article you will learn the translations from English to Hindi.
PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE /SAMANYA VARTMAAN KAAL
सामान्य वर्तमान काल
The present Indefinite tense, known as simple present tense, indicate an action in the present, an action taking place now. e.g. I play, You run, It runs, They eat, She sings etc.
Subject |
Verb |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Present tense |
Main/ मैं |
kha/खा |
ta/ता |
tee/ती |
hoon/ हूँ |
Tum/ तुम |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
tee/ती |
ho/ हो |
Yeh,veh/ यह, वह |
kha/खा |
ta/ता |
tee/ती |
hai/ है |
Hum,aap/ हम, आप |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
hain/ हैं |
|
ye,ve/ ये, वे |
kha/खा |
te/ते |
hain/ हैं |
Note:-
1. All masculine plural have same suffix te / ते added to the verb root.
2. All feminine subjects take the same suffix tee/ ती added to the verb root.
3. All plural, both masculine and feminine, have the same present tense indicator hain/ हैं.
4. The negative nahin/ नहीं will come before verb.
5. If the subject is feminine plural and if nahin/ नहीं is used, then the verb takes a dot above e.g. Girls do not play- ladkiyaan nahin khelti hain/ लड़कियां नहीं खेलती हैं।
6. Women mostly use hum/ हम instead of main/ मैं for singular in India. When they use hum/ हम they end the sentence with masculine plural verb instead of feminine verb. Thus, instead of saying main khhati hoon/ मैं खाती हूँ, a modern woman will say hum khaatey hain/ हम खाते हैं. For plual also they say hum khaate hain/ हम खाते हैं।
.According to English grammar, sentence is the combination of
Subject + verb / Action + object
Lets take an example-
I drink the milk.
I (subject) + drink (verb /action) + milk (object)
This is the universal pattern of English grammar.
Now there is a little bit difference in Hindi.
Subject + object + verb/action
I + milk + drink
Main doodh peeta hoon.
Other examples:
1. When does the baby sleep?
Bachha kab sota hai? बच्चा कब सोता है?
2. We purchase the fruits from the market.
Hum jaj baajar se fal khareedte hai हम रोज बाजार से फ़ल खरीदते हैं।
3 They speak the truth always.
Ve hamesha sach bolte hai. वे हमेशा सच बोलते हैं।
4 The sun rises from the east.
Suraj poorva disha se nikalta hai. सूरज पूर्व दिशा से निकलता है।
5 Whom do you write the letter?
Tum kisko patra likhte ho? तुम किसको पत्र लिखते हो?
Vocabulary / शब्दकोष
to sleep – sona/सोना, to purchase – khareedna/ख़रीदना, to speak- bolna/बोलना, to rise – nikalna/ugna/निकलना/उगना, to write / likhna / लिखना
If you like this article please post your comments in the comment section.
Example #4 (How to ask about a dinner date?)
Hi, learners! Today’s conversation is based on regarding asking a dinner date. I know you have read all my previous article and my last article was based on Time(samay) समय. So I have created this conversation because after reading this it will be a revision for asking the time in Hindi.
Example #4 (How to ask about a dinner date?)
Deepak: Hi, Monika!
Namaste, Monika. नमस्ते मोनिका।
Monika: Hi.
Namaste. नमस्ते।
Deepak: What are you planning to do today?
Aaj aap kya karne ki yojna bana rahi hai? आज आप क्या करने कि योजना बना रही हो?
Monika: I haven’t thought about it now.
Maine abhi is baarein main sochan nahin hai. मैंने अभी इस बारें मैं सोचा नहीं है।
Deepak: Would you like to have dinner with me?
Kya aap mere saath raat ka bhojan karna chahengi? क्या आप मेरे साथ रात का भोजन करना चाहेंगी?
Monika: Why not. When?
Kyon nahi. Kab? क्यों नहीं, कब?
Deepak: Is 8:30 PM. OK?
Kya raat ke 8:30 baje sahi rahenge? क्या रात के साढ़े आठ बजे सही रहेंगे?
Monika: Oh, I am busy then. Can we meet a little later?
Oh, Tab to main vyast hoon, kya hum thodi der baad mil sakte hai?
ओह! तब तो मैं व्यस्त हूँ, क्या हम थोड़ी देर बाद मिल सकते हैं?
Deepak: Ok, Then how about 9:30 PM.
Theek hai, raat ke 9:30 baje kaisa rahega. ठीक है, रात के साढ़े नौ बजे कैसे रहेंगे?
Monika: Ok, Where?
Theek hai, Kahan? ठीक है, कहाँ?
Deepak: How about Hotel Taj?
Hotel Taj kaisa rahega? होटल ताज़ कैसा रहेगा?
Monika: Nice choice.
Achhi pasand hai. अच्छी पसंद है
Deepak: Ok, I’ll meet you there?
Theek hai, main aapse wahan milunga. ठीक है मैं आपसे वहाँ मिलूँगा।
Ok, learners! I assure, if you will converse daily on different Hindi topics like above then it will be really beneficial for you and you will see the tremendous changes in your conversation skills.
Learn How To Say Hello In Hindi
हिन्दी सीखें मनोरंजन और आसान तरीके से …
Namaste! Welcome to learnhindieasy.wordpress.com. It is the place where you can learn Hindi in fun and easy way. Hindi can be learnt here with text, images and audio support. Learning new language is like an adventure for learners because you get a chance to know the culture, tradition and community of a new place. So best of luck for new learners!!
“I really believe that the best choice for beginners is to start with short words or conversation that generally used in daily life. It requires that you spend about a half an hour per day. But if you put in the time and do the work, you’ll definitely see really good results.”
“मुझे वास्तव में विश्वास है कि नौसीखियों के लिए सर्वोत्तम चुनाव है कि शुरुआत संक्षिप्त शब्दों या वार्तालाप के साथ करें जो कि सामान्य जीवन मैं होते है, इसके लिए आपको दिन मैं केवल आधा घंटा बिताने की आवश्यकता है, परंतु यदि आप अधिक समय देते हैं, तो आपको अवश्य ही अच्छे पारिणाम मिलेंगे।“
A short Introduction to Hindi
Hindi is the national language of India and it is one of several languages spoken in different parts of India.The homeland of Hindi is in the North of India,(I am from North also) but it is studied, taught, spoken and understood widely throughout India as a mother tongue.It is also called a second language of India .Hindi is written in ‘Devanagari’ or “Nagari” script.
How to say hello in Hindi (हिन्दी में कैसे “हैलो” कहें)
We’ll start Hindi with greetings. In English when we meet somebody we always say “Hello”. In Hindi we can say “Namaste” or “Namaskar”. I don’t want to teach Hindi in a typical way so we can start with daily conversation. “Namaste” or “Namaskar” can be used a1nytime. It is always used when we meet somebody or at the time of departure from somewhere. I mean when you have ended your conversation. In English we say “Good Morning”, “Good Noon”, Good Evening” and “Good Night” but in Hindi “Namaste” or “Namaskar” is a common word for all time.
“Namaste” can be written in Hindi as “नमस्ते”
“Namaskar” can be written in Hindi as “नमस्कार”
you will be able to read all the Hindi letters very easily. I’ll tell you later about that.I think it is quite enough for today.
If you want to ask any question related to Hindi language. Please feel free to ask anytime, you can leave your question in comment section.
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